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IUCr 1994 Report - Finances

The audited accounts of the year 1995 are printed in Acta Cryst. (1996). A52, 110-124. For comparison, the figures for 1993 are provided in italics. The accounts are presented in Swiss Francs.

The Unesco rates of exchange, as issued by the ICSU Secretariat, have been used in the preparation of these accounts. As a consequence of the many fluctuations in exchange rates during the year, the following procedure has been adopted for the accounts. Assets and liabilities in currencies other than Swiss Francs at 31 December 1994 have been translated into Swiss Francs in the balance sheet at the rate operative at that date. For the income and expenditure accounts, transactions have been translated into Swiss Francs by applying the rates of exchange appropriate to the individual dates of these transactions. As a consequence of the fluctuation in exchange rates, an apparent loss has arisen on the assets of the Union, in terms of Swiss Francs, amounting to SwFr 567 972. This loss has been divided amongst the fund accounts in direct proportion to the balances on these accounts at 31 December 1994. It should be noted that this loss in Swiss Francs is not a real loss of money, but rather a loss on paper resulting from the accounts being expressed in Swiss Francs.

Investments are noted in the balance sheet at their market value at 31 December 1994. For 1994, an adjustment to show the difference between revalued cost and market value has not been made. This change in accounting policy has been made so that the value of the investments is presented more realistically. (For 1993, the difference between revalued cost and market value was shown as an adjustment in order that the investments could be stated at cost. This prevented the fluctuations in value from influencing the General Fund. The revalued cost was obtained by converting the cost of investments in the currencies of purchase into Swiss Francs using the exchange rates operative on the balance sheet date.)

The total of SwFr 530 158 with the banks at the end of the year was represented by US$ 176 029 with Merrill Lynch, £ 130 476 with National Westminster Bank and SwFr 26 848 with the Union Bank of Switzerland.

The balance sheet shows that the assets of the Union, excluding stocks of unsold publications but including the loss of SwFr 567 972 resulting from fluctuations in rates of exchange, have decreased during the year, from SwFr 5 685 546 to SwFr 5 352 197.

Transfers of SwFr 100 000, SwFr 25 000, SwFr 45 000 and SwFr 50 000 were made to the Publications and Journals Development Fund from the Acta Crystallographica Fund, the Journal of Applied Crystallography Fund, the Structure Reports Fund and the International Tables Fund, respectively. Transfers of SwFr 100 000, SwFr 25 000, SwFr 25 000 and SwFr 25 000 were made to the Research and Education Fund from the Acta Crystallographica Fund, the Journal of Applied Crystallography Fund, the Structure Reports Fund and the International Tables Fund, respectively. A transfer of SwFr 25 000 was made to the Ewald Fund from the General Fund. A transfer of SwFr 150 000 was made to the Newsletter Fund from the General Fund.

Beneath the detailed figures of the expenditure and income for each fund account, the balance at 1 January, the difference between income and expenditure for the year and the fluctuations in rates of exchange during the year are given, showing how the balance at 31 December is obtained. Note that for the General Fund the `Release from valuation reserve' results from the change in accounting policy mentioned above.

The General Fund account shows a profit of SwFr 12 296, before the transfers totalling SwFr 150 000 to the Newsletter Fund, as compared with a deficit of SwFr 96 228 in 1993, before transfers totalling SwFr 40 000 to the President's Fund and the Ewald Fund. The administrative expenses were SwFr 217 980 in 1994 as compared with SwFr 263 472 in 1993. Of this amount, SwFr 68 999 was charged to the publications of the Union.

SwFr 27 866 was given for general support of scientific Meetings, in addition to SwFr 83 728 for financial support to young scientists attending Meetings, which appears in the expenses of the Research and Education Fund, and SwFr 18 284 in special grants from the President's Fund. SwFr 16 028 was spent in assisting the work of the non-publishing Commissions. The expenses of the Union Representatives on other bodies were SwFr 9 368. The cost of the Finance Committee Meeting held in 1994 was SwFr 7 924, while the Executive Committee Meeting cost SwFr 21 520. The Union received SwFr 15 750 from the Unesco subvention to ICSU. The subscriptions from Adhering Bodies were SwFr 148 000. Interest on bank accounts and investments credited to the General Fund was SwFr 232 978.

The President's Fund, the Publications and Journals Development Fund, the Research and Education Fund and the Ewald Fund received interest, at a nominal rate of 6% per annum, on the balances in the funds.

The President's Fund therefore received interest of SwFr 2162. Grants totalling SwFr 18 284 were paid from the fund.

The Acta Crystallographica account for 1994 shows a surplus of SwFr 364 303 before the transfer of SwF 200 000 to other fund accounts, as compared with a surplus of SwFr 286 923 in 1993 before transfers of SwFr 100 000.

The subscription rates were increased for 1994. The number of paid subscriptions to Sections A + B + C + D of Acta, including 74 personal subscriptions, was 778. The number of paid subscriptions to Sections A + B + C of Acta, including 41 personal subscriptions, was 132. For 1993, the number of paid subscriptions to all sections of Acta (Section D was distributed free in 1993), including 89 personal subscriptions, was 962. For the number of paid subscriptions to the separate sections of the journal, those to Section A decreased from 294 in 1993 to 293, those to Section B increased from 218 to 222 and those to Section C decreased from 147 to 139. There were 134 paid subscriptions to Section D. As usual, the costs of the technical editing office has been divided between the Acta Crystallographica and the Journal of Applied Crystallography accounts in percentages based on the number of text pages published during the year; part of the technical editing costs have also been assigned to the Journal of Synchrotron Radiation development costs. The technical editing costs for Acta Crystallographica were SwFr 620 283 as compared with SwFr 614 311 in 1993. The journal's accounts have also been charged with administration expenses as in previous years and as shown in the General Fund.

The Journal of Applied Crystallography account shows a surplus of SwFr 10 642 before transfers of SwFr 50 000 to other fund accounts, as compared with a surplus of SwFr 57 026 in 1993. The number of subscriptions, including 105 personal subscriptions in 1994 and 108 in 1993, decreased from 971 in 1993 to 931 in 1994.

The Structure Reports series ended in 1993. The Structure Reports account shows a surplus of SwFr 17 603 in 1994 before transfers of SwFr 95 000 to other fund accounts as compared with a surplus of SwFr 61 777 in 1993. The net income from sales was SwFr 18 120 in 1994 as compared with SwFr 241 560 in 1993.

The International Tables account shows a surplus of SwFr 50 786 before transfers of SwFr 75 000 to other fund accounts as compared with a surplus of SwFr 113 426 in 1993 before a transfer of SwFr 40 000. The net sales income of SwFr 79 974 derived mostly from Volume B. Volumes A and C were out of print for part of 1994.

The Book Fund is credited with the sales of the remaining publications of the Union including those of Molecular Structures and Dimensions, for which until 1991 there had been a separate fund account. The main sales income was from the Historical Atlas of Crystallography, edited by J. Lima de Faria, and from royalties from the IUCr/OUP Book Series.

As mentioned earlier, the income for the President's Fund account, the Publications and Journals Development Fund account, the Research and Education Fund account and the Ewald Fund account includes interest as well as transfers from other fund accounts. In the Publications and Journals Development Fund account, the expenses of SwFr 217 684 for computer expenses, including the purchase of computing equipment for the Chester office, relate to the technical editing of the journals, software development and the provision of on-line services. Expenses of SwFr 132 817 incurred in connection with the launch of the Journal of Synchrotron Radiation were charged to the Publication and Journals Development Fund. SwFr83 728 for financial support to young scientists, to enable them to attend scientific Meetings sponsored by the Union, was charged to the Research and Education Fund account.

The Newsletter Fund account was started in 1994 and received a transfer of SwFr 150 000 from the General Fund.

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Updated 14th February 1997

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