I have been looking into the mmCIF means of defining standard geometry and trying to understand how the standard geometry relates back to the molecule (with mixed success). So far I have developed a few comments on the mmCIF structure. A more philosophical discussion will follow in my next posting. 1) I think it would be simpler if the data names for atom_id's in chem_link_bond (for example) where the same as those of chem_comp_bond. In chem_comp_bond the identifier for the first atom in the bond is atom_id_1 but in chem_link_bond it is atom_1_atom_id. Since the two concepts are the same it seems confusing to have different names. geom_bond might be considered too. 2) chem_link has no provision for torsion angles, planes, etc. I would suggest the creation of chem_link_tor, chem_link_chir, chem_link_plane and the associated groups. 3) There is no provision for pseudorotation angles in either category. Perhaps chem_comp_pseudor, chem_link_pseudor, and geom_pseudor groups need to be created. 4) A stereochemical restraint cannot span three monomers. For example, if you had a group which interposed two atoms between two other groups the torsion angle with comp_id's 1 2 2 3 could not be defined. I know of no refinement package which will allow this type of restraint but the limitation is in the ability to define such a restraint not in the application of the restraint. If the mmCIF file could define the restraint a program using a mmCIF standard dictionary could refine it. 5) There are no examples for chem_link_bond and chem_link_angle. I have created some. The data are from the Engh & Huber parameters as interpreted by J. P. Priestle. Obviously these will need to be worked over by someone who knows what they are doing. _loop _chem_link_bond.link_id _chem_link_bond.value_angle _chem_link_bond.value_angle_esd _chem_link_bond.atom_1_atom_id _chem_link_bond.atom_1_comp_id _chem_link_bond.atom_2_atom_id _chem_link_bond.atom_2_comp_id PEPTIDE 1.458 0.019 N 1 CA 1 PEPTIDE 1.525 0.021 CA 1 C 1 PEPTIDE 1.329 0.014 C 1 N 2 PEPTIDE 1.231 0.020 C 1 O 1 _loop _chem_link_angle.link_id _chem_link_angle.value_angle _chem_link_angle.value_angle_esd _chem_link_angle.atom_1_atom_id _chem_link_angle.atom_1_comp_id _chem_link_angle.atom_2_atom_id _chem_link_angle.atom_2_comp_id _chem_link_angle.atom_3_atom_id _chem_link_angle.atom_3_comp_id PEPTIDE 111.2 2.8 N 1 CA 1 C 1 PEPTIDE 120.8 1.7 CA 1 C 1 O 1 PEPTIDE 116.2 2.0 CA 1 C 1 N 2 PEPTIDE 123.0 1.6 O 1 C 1 N 2 PEPTIDE 121.7 1.8 C 1 N 2 CA 2