


Press release
Setting the pace in non-ambient XRD: a new benchmark for environmental heating
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Pioneers in non-ambient X-ray diffraction
While most X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements are performed under ambient conditions (i.e. room temperature, ambient pressure), many processes, e.g. geological, catalytical or industrial ones, occur under non-ambient conditions. Non-ambient parameters, such as temperature, pressure, humidity or different gas atmospheres, can significantly alter a material’s structure, property or reactivity. Since many of these changes are reversible, or occur stepwise with multiple intermediates, in situ investigation of materials under non-ambient conditions is an essential tool in establishing a detailed understanding of a material’s properties.
When we introduced the HTK 10 High-Temperature Chamber at Anton Paar back in 1964, we made our mark in the history of non-ambient X-ray diffraction. The HTK 10 High-Temperature Chamber was capable of heating samples up to 1600°C in order to study their structural changes by X-ray diffraction during heating.
Prior to this, non-ambient X-ray diffraction of various materials was mainly done with homemade equipment, and there was no real commercial heating chamber available on the market. This changed when we entered the market 60 years ago. Since then, our knowledge and experience in X-ray diffraction - especially under non-ambient conditions - has steadily grown. This has led to our current broad portfolio of non-ambient X-ray diffraction attachments for studies between -190°C and +2300°C under different atmospheres (dry and humid) and pressures, as well as mechanical or electrical loads. Along with this complete portfolio, we also create customized solutions for our customers - something that has made Anton Paar the market leader in non-ambient XRD.
This year, we’re proud to announce the launch of the HTK 1500 High-Temperature Chamber, the new benchmark of environmental heaters for high-temperature X-ray diffraction. The HTK 1500 allows for homogeneous heating of all types of sample materials, including crystalline powders and bulk samples, up to 1500°C. This makes it the only true environmental heater available on the market that reaches such high temperatures without any compromises in precision. The temperature sensor is located directly beneath the sample in a protective ceramic holder, guaranteeing highly repeatable and reliable temperature measurements. A fast and easy switch between reflection and transmission modes, by the use of a capillary extension, makes the HTK 1500 suitable for air-sensitive and organic powders and liquids. Sample spinning is also provided, which is crucial for improving data quality by overcoming preferred orientation. The sample carriers are made of chemically inert alumina, minimizing the risk of reactions with samples, even at high temperatures. A user-friendly slider for the sample holder allows for quick and reproducible sample exchange.
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The HTK 1500 is completely compatible with Anton Paar’s XRDynamic 500 X-ray diffractometer. This combination offers high automation, including stage recognition, stage and sample alignment and realignment during heating, and easy connection of cooling water, vacuum, and gas lines. The seamless integration into the XRDynamic 500 control software ensures a user-friendly experience for high-temperature X-ray diffraction analysis.
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